Tomomi Fujisawa ¹, Kana Murase, Yoko Okumura, Hiroyuki Kanoh, Tomoaki Doi, Shouzo Yoshida, Shinji Ogura, Mariko Seishima,Ther Apher Dial. 2011 Aug;15(4):374-8.

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is one of the neutrophilic dermatoses mainly caused by activated neutrophils and monocytes. Granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis (GCAP) is a useful extracorporeal circulation therapy for removal of activated granulocytes and monocytes. In this study, GCAP was used to treat three patients with different types of GPP; the diagnoses indicated patient 1 had GPP, patient 2 had GPP developed from psoriasis vulgaris and patient 3 had GPP based on psoriatic erythroderma. We performed GCAP on each of these patients once a week, for a total of five times. We found that the patients’ pustules and edema disappeared and their erythema was reduced by GCAP therapy. Moreover, no adverse effects were observed. Thus, we conclude GCAP could be effective for treating various types of GPP.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21884472/

Takuya Yoshino ¹, Hiroshi Nakase, Minoru Matsuura, Kayoko Matsumura, Yusuke Honzawa, Takumi Fukuchi, Kenji Watanabe, Mitsuyuki Murano, Tomoyuki Tsujikawa, Ken Fukunaga, Takayuki Matsumoto, Tsutomu Chiba, Digestion. 2011;84(1):3-9.

The colectomy ratio tends to be high in refractory UC patients with recurrent CMV reactivation or infection. Therefore, GMA might be a safe and effective treatment for UC patients positive for CMV because it does not induce CMV reactivation.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21311190/

https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2433/183987

Ryoko Shukuya ¹, Toshio Hasegawa, Yusuke Niwa, Keiko Okuma, Shigaku Ikeda , J Dermatol. 2011 Dec;38(12):1130-4.

Granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis (GCAP) is an extracorporeal circulation therapy that removes activated granulocytes and monocytes. GCAP was initially approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, which is attributed to activated granulocytes and macrophages that infiltrate the target tissues. Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is also supposed to be caused by activated neutrophils. In this study, we treated two patients with refractory GPP by using GCAP. Patient 1, a 68-year-old woman who had liver cirrhosis, underwent seven GCAP sessions. Patient 2, a 26-year-old woman who had systemic lupus erythematosus and had been treated with systemic corticosteroids, underwent eight GCAP sessions. In both patients, GCAP resulted in an immediate improvement in skin lesions and fever reduction, without any adverse effects. We suggest that GCAP is an effective therapy for refractory GPP.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22007872/

Valeria D’Ovidio ¹, Donatella Meo, Angelo Viscido, Giampaolo Bresci, Piero Vernia, Renzo Caprilli, World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Apr 14;17(14):1831-5.

GMA may be a valid therapeutic option for steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis patients with mild-moderate disease and its clinical efficacy seems to persist for 12 months.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3080717/pdf/WJG-17-1831.pdf

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21528055/

T Fukuchi, H Nakase, D Ito, H Yamashita, M Matsuura, Y Nagatani, H Koga, K Senda, T Eguchi, S Ubukata, S Kawaguchi, A Ueda, T Tanaka, R Ohashi, M Otzuka, K Ashida, Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Sep;34(5):583-5.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21806645/

H. Nakase, M. Matsuura, T. Chibam , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04552.x

These new data suggest that GMAA might be safe and effective for UC patients positive for CMV because it does not cause CMV reactivation. Because CMV reactivation might affect the clinical outcome of patients with refractory UC,⁵ GMAA could be a promising option for UC patients with CMV infection. A new clinical trial with a larger number of patients is ongoing to evaluate further the effects of GMA on UC patients with CMV infection.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04552.x

Toshifumi Ashida ¹, Yutaka Kohgo, Akihiro Munakata, Mitsunori Noguchi, Bunei Iizuka, Yutaka Endo, Hiroyuki Hanai, Toshikazu Yoshikawa, Takayuki Matsumoto, Nobuo Aoyama, Toshiyuki Matsui, Keiichi Mitsuyama, Toshifumi Hibi

Transfus Apher Sci 2011 Apr;44(2):113-7. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2011.01.001.

We conducted a multicenter study to investigate the efficacy of leukocytapheresis (LCAP) without concomitant steroid therapy in active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Twenty patients were enrolled. LCAP was performed twice a week for 3 weeks. The results revealed a significant decrease of the Lichtiger’s clinical activity index (CAI) from 11.7±2.6 at baseline to 6.6±4.1 after the therapy. The endoscopic index and serum C-reactive protein levels also decreased significantly after the therapy. Of the 20 patients, 15 (75%) were assessed as responders (CAI≤4 or ΔCAI≥3), and 7 (35%) achieved complete remission (CAI≤4). No serious adverse reactions were encountered. The results suggest that LCAP is an effective and safe option for patients with active UC who had not received systemic steroid treatment.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21402309/

Takayuki Yamamoto ¹, Satoru Umegae, Koichi Matsumoto, J Gastroenterol 2011 Aug;46(8):1003-9.

This is the first report on daily GMA in the treatment of patients with UC. Daily GMA was safe and well tolerated without serious AE. Furthermore, daily GMA was associated with rapid improvement of clinical symptoms in patients with moderately active UC. However, controlled trials are warranted to assess a definite efficacy for daily GMA therapy.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21681409/

Kosaku Moribata ¹, Jun Kato, Sae Iimura, Satoshi Yoshida, Naoki Shingaki, Kazuki Ueda, Hisanobu Deguchi, Izumi Inoue, Takao Maekita, Mikitaka Iguchi, Hideyuki Tamai, Masao Ichinose, J Clin Apher. 2011;26(4):225-7.

We report a case of a 16-year-old male who suffered from Crohn’s disease (CD) with esophageal involvement, showing remarkable improvement with granulocyte/monocyte adsorption (GMA). The patient had been diagnosed as ileocolic CD and was treated with 5-aminosalicylate. He was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of fever, diarrhea, and odynophagia. Endoscopic examinations revealed that the exacerbation of ileocolic ulcers, and advent of ulcers in esophagus. Because of the patient’s refusal to receive corticosteroids, immunomodulators, or biologics, he underwent GMA twice a week. After 10 sessions of GMA, he entered remission with significant decrease in clinical activity. In addition, endoscopic examinations showed remarkable improvement of ileocolic ulcers and disappearance of esophageal lesions. No adverse events were observed. GMA could be effective for manifestations of CD in gastrointestinal tract other than ileum or colon.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21786316/

H. Nakase, M. Matsuura& T. Chiba, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04552.x

These new data suggest that GMAA might be safe and effective for UC patients positive for CMV because it does not cause MV reactivation. Because CMV reactivation might affect the clinical outcome of patients with refractory UC,5 GMAA could be a promising option for UC patients with CMV infection. A new clinical trial with a larger number of patients is ongoing to evaluate further the effects of GMA on UC patients with CMV infection

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04552.x