{"id":11302,"date":"2026-01-15T18:03:05","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T17:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/?p=11302"},"modified":"2026-01-25T18:11:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T17:11:21","slug":"mici-et-nutrition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/fr\/mici-et-nutrition\/","title":{"rendered":"MICI et Nutrition"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Les Vitamines et Min\u00e9raux essentiels \u00e0 votre traitement<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n
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<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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\"\"\/<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l\n\u2019intestin (MICI), qui comprennent la maladie de Crohn et la rectocolite h\u00e9morragique, n\n\u2019affectent pas seulement l\n\u2019intestin : elles peuvent \u00e9galement avoir un impact important sur l'absorption des nutriments essentiels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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L\n\u2019inflammation intestinale, les chirurgies, les r\u00e9gimes alimentaires restrictifs ou certains m\u00e9dicaments peuvent entra\u00eener des carences en vitamines et min\u00e9raux, qui affectent le bien-\u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, l'\u00e9nergie et la qualit\u00e9 de vie du patient.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Parmi lesquelles soulignons :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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1. Vitamines Essentielles<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n
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<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n
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VITAMINE B12 : \u00e9nergie, syst\u00e8me nerveux et globules rouges<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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La vitamine B12 est indispensable \u00e0 la formation des globules rouges et au bon fonctionnement du syst\u00e8me nerveux. Elle est absorb\u00e9e dans l\n\u2019il\u00e9on terminal, de sorte que les patients atteints de la maladie de Crohn il\u00e9ale ou qui ont subi une op\u00e9ration (r\u00e9section il\u00e9ale) peuvent pr\u00e9senter des carences importantes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes confirment que jusqu'\u00e0 33 \u00e0 40 % des patients atteints de la maladie de Crohn il\u00e9ale peuvent d\u00e9velopper une carence en vitamine B12 s'ils ne prennent pas de compl\u00e9ments alimentaires adapt\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Sympt\u00f4mes fr\u00e9quents d'une carence en vitamine B12:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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    \n\n
  • Fatigue, p\u00e2leur, fourmillements dans les mains ou les pieds, difficult\u00e9s de concentration.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
    \n

    Recommandation m\u00e9dicale :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

    \n
      \n\n
    • Surveiller r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les taux de vitamine B12.<\/li>\n\n\n
    • En cas de carence, prendre des compl\u00e9ments par voie orale, sublinguale ou intramusculaire, selon la gravit\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
      \n
      \"\"\/<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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      VITAMINE D: os solides et contr\u00f4le de l\n\u2019inflammation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

      \n

      La vitamine D r\u00e9gule le m\u00e9tabolisme du calcium, renforce les os et joue \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le immunomodulateur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

      \n

      Dans les MICI, sa carence est fr\u00e9quente en raison d'une absorption intestinale moindre, d'une exposition solaire r\u00e9duite et d'une utilisation prolong\u00e9e de cortico\u00efdes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

      \n

      Cons\u00e9quences possibles :\nost\u00e9op\u00e9nie, ost\u00e9oporose et, selon de nouvelles donn\u00e9es, une activit\u00e9 inflammatoire intestinale accrue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

      \n

      Une \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans Gastroenterology a montr\u00e9 que la correction d'une carence en vitamine D am\u00e9liore la fonction intestinale et pourrait r\u00e9duire le risque de pouss\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

      \n

      Recommandation :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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        \n\n
      • D\u00e9terminer r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les taux s\u00e9riques (25(OH)D).<\/li>\n\n\n
      • Maintenir des valeurs > 30 ng\/mL \u00e0 l'aide de suppl\u00e9ments de vitamine D3 si n\u00e9cessaire.<\/li>\n\n\n
      • Associer \u00e0 du calcium en cas de risque osseux.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
        \n

        VITAMINES A, E et K : vision, immunit\u00e9 et coagulation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

        \n

        Ces vitamines liposolubles d\u00e9pendent d\n\u2019une bonne absorption des graisses. Chez les patients souffrant de diarrh\u00e9e chronique ou de malabsorption (due \u00e0 une inflammation ou une r\u00e9section intestinale), les carences sont fr\u00e9quentes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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          \n\n
        • Vitamine A : essentielle pour la vision et \u00e0 l\n\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de la muqueuse.<\/li>\n\n\n
        • Vitamine E : antioxydante et neuroprotectrice.<\/li>\n\n\n
        • Vitamine K : intervient dans la coagulation sanguine.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
          \n

          Recommandation :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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            \n\n
          • Analyser les taux de ces vitamines chez les patients atteints d'une MICI active ou pr\u00e9sentant une perte de poids importante.<\/li>\n\n\n
          • Suppl\u00e9er sous contr\u00f4le m\u00e9dical en cas de carence av\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
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            \"\"\/<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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            2. Les min\u00e9raux essentiels qui font la diff\u00e9rence<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n
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            FER<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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            La carence en fer est l\n\u2019une des complications les plus fr\u00e9quentes des MICI, surtout dans la rectocolite h\u00e9morragique, \u00e0 cause des saignements et d\n\u2019une malabsorption.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

            \n

            Sympt\u00f4mes:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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              \n\n
            • fatigue, p\u00e2leur, tachycardie, difficult\u00e9s respiratoires.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
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              Traitement recommand\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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                \n\n
              • Le fer administr\u00e9 par voie orale peut provoquer des troubles intestinaux, c'est pourquoi de nombreux patients pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent le fer administr\u00e9 par voie intraveineuse (IV), plus efficace et mieux tol\u00e9r\u00e9. Toujours sous contr\u00f4le m\u00e9dical, en ajustant la dose en fonction du taux de ferritine et d'h\u00e9moglobine. Les directives ECCO (2015) recommandent le fer IV lorsque la ferritine est <30 \u03bcg\/L ou que l'an\u00e9mie est mod\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 s\u00e9v\u00e8re.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
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                CALCIUM<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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                Le calcium est essentiel pour les os, les muscles et la transmission nerveuse. Le calcium va de pair avec la vitamine D. Les patients qui prennent des cortico\u00efdes ont un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 d'ost\u00e9oporose.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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                Conseil :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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                  \n\n
                • Assurer un apport quotidien de 1000 \u00e0 1200 mg en consommant des produits laitiers, des l\u00e9gumes verts ou des compl\u00e9ments alimentaires.<\/li>\n\n\n
                • Associer \u00e0 de la vitamine D pour am\u00e9liorer l'absorption.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
                  \n

                  ZINC<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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                  Le zinc participe \u00e0 la cicatrisation, \u00e0 l'immunit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la r\u00e9paration des tissus. Les diarrh\u00e9es fr\u00e9quentes et l\n\u2019inflammation intestinale r\u00e9duisent son absorption, entra\u00eenant une carence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

                  \n

                  Cons\u00e9quences :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

                  \n
                    \n\n
                  • chute de cheveux, retard de cicatrisation, sensibilit\u00e9 aux infections.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
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                    Des \u00e9tudes publi\u00e9es dans Clinical Nutrition montrent que la suppl\u00e9mentation en zinc peut am\u00e9liorer la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 intestinale et r\u00e9duire l\n\u2019inflammation dans les MICI.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

                    \n

                    Recommandation :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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                      \n\n
                    • Contr\u00f4ler les taux s\u00e9riques et suppl\u00e9menter si n\u00e9cessaire (8\u201311 mg\/jour chez l\n\u2019adulte), sous surveillance m\u00e9dicale.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n
                      \n
                      \"\"\/<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
                      \n

                      3. Quelques conseils pratiques g\u00e9n\u00e9raux :<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n
                      \n
                        \n\n
                      1. Faites r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement des analyses sanguines pour d\u00e9tecter les carences en vitamines et min\u00e9raux.<\/li>\n\n\n
                      2. Suivez un r\u00e9gime alimentaire vari\u00e9 et \u00e9quilibr\u00e9, adapt\u00e9 par un di\u00e9t\u00e9ticien sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans les MICI et, s'il est restrictif, compl\u00e9tez-le par des suppl\u00e9ments.<\/li>\n\n\n
                      3. Profitez des p\u00e9riodes de r\u00e9mission pour am\u00e9liorer votre \u00e9tat nutritionnel.<\/li>\n\n\n
                      4. \u00c9vitez l'autom\u00e9dication : m\u00eame les vitamines peuvent \u00eatre nocives en exc\u00e8s.<\/li>\n\n\n
                      5. Parlez \u00e0 votre m\u00e9decin avant de prendre des compl\u00e9ments alimentaires : chaque patient a des besoins diff\u00e9rents et les compl\u00e9ments doivent \u00eatre personnalis\u00e9s.<\/li>\n\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n
                        \n

                        Conclusion<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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                        La nutrition est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel de la prise en charge des MICI. Prendre soin de votre intestin, c\n\u2019est aussi prendre soin de chaque cellule de votre corps. Les MICI ne se traitent pas seulement avec les m\u00e9dicaments, mais aussi avec des connaissances, de la pr\u00e9vention et une alimentation intelligente.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

                        \n

                        Identifier et corriger \u00e0 temps les carences en vitamines et min\u00e9raux peut faire la diff\u00e9rence entre un patient fatigu\u00e9, souffrant de pouss\u00e9es fr\u00e9quentes et d'une perte de masse osseuse, et un patient plein d\n\u2019\u00e9nergie, avec un syst\u00e8me immunitaire \u00e9quilibr\u00e9 et une meilleure qualit\u00e9 de vie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

                        \n

                        R\u00e9f\u00e9rences:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

                        \n
                          \n\n
                        1. Dignass, A. U., et al. (2015). European Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Iron Deficiency and Anaemia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Journal of Crohn\n\u2019s and Colitis, 9(3), 211\u2013222.<\/li>\n\n\n
                        2. Pappa, H. M., et al. (2019). Vitamin D status in children and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Pediatrics, 118(5), 1950\u20131961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2006-0904<\/li>\n\n\n
                        3. Battat, R., et al. (2014). Vitamin B12 deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence, risk factors, evaluation, and management. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 20(6), 1120\u20131128.<\/li>\n\n\n
                        4. Yasuda, T., et al. (2021). Zinc supplementation modulates intestinal barrier function in inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical Nutrition, 40(10), 5487\u20135495.<\/li>\n\n\n
                        5. Crohn\n\u2019s & Colitis Foundation. (2023). Diet and Nutrition: Supplementation. Disponible en: crohnscolitisfoundation.org.<\/li>\n\n\n
                        6. ECCO Guidelines. (2023). Nutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohn\n\u2019s Colitis, 17(1), 27\u201342.<\/li>\n\n\n
                        7. Mart\u00ednez de Haro, L., et al. (2021). Nutrici\u00f3n en la Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal. Saludigestivo. Recuperado de<\/li>\n\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n
                          \n

                          https:\/\/www.saludigestivo.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mes-saludigestivo-nutricion-EII-mi n.pdf<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

                          \n

                          Crohn\n\u2019s & Colitis Foundation. (s.f.). Nutrition and Ulcerative Colitis (Spanish). Recuperado de https:\/\/www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org\/sites\/default\/files\/legacy\/assets\/pdfs\/Diet-Nutrition-S panish.pdf<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Les Vitamines et Min\u00e9raux essentiels \u00e0 votre traitement Les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l \u2019intestin (MICI), qui comprennent la maladie de Crohn et la rectocolite h\u00e9morragique, n \u2019affectent pas seulement l \u2019intestin : elles peuvent \u00e9galement avoir un impact important sur l'absorption des nutriments essentiels. L \u2019inflammation intestinale, les chirurgies, les r\u00e9gimes alimentaires restrictifs ou […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11294,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[642],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nouveautes"],"acf":{"h_removemb":false,"imgs":{"img_desktop":11294,"img_mobile":11294},"text_above_title":"","description":""},"yoast_head":"\nMICI et Nutrition - Adacyte<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/ibd-and-nutrition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MICI et Nutrition - Adacyte\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les Vitamines et Min\u00e9raux essentiels \u00e0 votre traitement Les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l \u2019intestin (MICI), qui comprennent la maladie de Crohn et la rectocolite h\u00e9morragique, n \u2019affectent pas seulement l \u2019intestin : elles peuvent \u00e9galement avoir un impact important sur l'absorption des nutriments essentiels. 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