{"id":11122,"date":"2025-09-09T15:04:05","date_gmt":"2025-09-09T13:04:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/gut-microbiota-and-dysbiosis\/"},"modified":"2025-09-09T17:55:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-09T15:55:21","slug":"gut-microbiota-and-dysbiosis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/es\/gut-microbiota-and-dysbiosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Microbiota Intestinal y Disbiosis"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>La microbiota intestinal es un \u00f3rgano que, hasta el momento, ha sido ignorado pero es vital en nuestra salud f\u00edsica y mental.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Este conjunto de microorganismos, principalmente bacterias, virus y hongos, viven en nuestro aparato digestivo y sus funciones son clave en nuestro cuerpo. Es un \u00f3rgano que no vemos ni sentimos directamente, pero su equilibrio, o la falta de este, puede influir en todo, desde la digesti\u00f3n y el sistema inmunol\u00f3gico hasta en el estado de \u00e1nimo, el peso y el riesgo de enfermedades cr\u00f3nicas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la microbiota?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>La <em>microbiota intestinal<\/em> es un ecosistema formado por todos los microorganismos del intestino, especialmente en el colon. Se estima que hay m\u00e1s de 40 billones de bacterias en nuestro cuerpo que pueden llegar a pesar entre 1 y 2 kilos. Tenemos m\u00e1s bacterias en nuestro organismo que c\u00e9lulas (30 billones), la mayor\u00eda de ellas beneficiosas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>En general, las bacterias beneficiosas o \u201cbuenas\u201d se multiplican con frecuencia dejando poco espacio a las bacterias nocivas o \u201cmalas\u201d. Sin la microbiota intestinal ser\u00eda muy dif\u00edcil sobrevivir, por la cantidad de funciones clave para el organismo que realizan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Cada persona tiene una composici\u00f3n distinta de microbiota, que se forma desde que nacemos y se va alterando con nuestra alimentaci\u00f3n, el estilo de vida que llevamos, el uso de f\u00e1rmacos y otros factores ambientales.<br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"986\" height=\"553\" src=\"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image3.jpg\" alt=\"La microbiota intestinal y el sistema inmunitario\" class=\"wp-image-11099\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u00bfQu\u00e9 pasa si hay un desequilibrio?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Cuando las llamadas bacterias buenas disminuyen y las malas aumentan, se produce una <em>disbiosis<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Esta complicaci\u00f3n est\u00e1 relacionada con distintas enfermedades c\u00f3mo:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII): enfermedad de Crohn y colitis ulcerosa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u00edndrome del intestino irritable (SII).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obesidad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diabetes tipo 2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trastornos cardiovasculares.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Depresi\u00f3n y ansiedad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Un ejemplo es la producci\u00f3n de sustancia TMAO (\u00f3xido-N- de trimetilalanina), producida por ciertos microorganismos al ingerir carne roja o huevos. El exceso de esta sustancia puede afectar a la acumulaci\u00f3n de colesterol en las arterias, aumentando as\u00ed el riesgo de infarto y enfermedad renal cr\u00f3nica.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u00bfC\u00f3mo de unidos est\u00e1n el intestino y el cerebro?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Puede parecer que, al tener funciones distintas, el intestino y el cerebro no tengan ning\u00fan tipo de relaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la transmisi\u00f3n de \u00f3rdenes e informaci\u00f3n, pero no es as\u00ed. Ambos \u00f3rganos est\u00e1n unidos por millones de neuronas a trav\u00e9s del <em>eje intestino-cerebro<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>La microbiota, adem\u00e1s de en la digesti\u00f3n, tambi\u00e9n influye en la producci\u00f3n de neurotransmisores como la dopamina o la serotonina, vital para la regulaci\u00f3n del \u00e1nimo y del sue\u00f1o. Es m\u00e1s, hasta el <em>90% de la serotonina se produce en el intestino<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n se cree existe una conexi\u00f3n entre el intestino y la memoria y las habilidades cognitivas, de ah\u00ed que reciba tambi\u00e9n el nombre de <em>\u2018segundo cerebro\u2019<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Diversas investigaciones han encontrado diferencias en la microbiota de personas con ansiedad, depresi\u00f3n, dolor cr\u00f3nico o autismo en comparaci\u00f3n con personas mentalmente sanas. Adem\u00e1s, algunos probi\u00f3ticos pueden ser beneficiosos en la reducci\u00f3n de s\u00edntomas depresivos leves.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p><br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image2.jpg\" alt=\"Relaci\u00f3n entre intestino y cerebro\" class=\"wp-image-11095\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. La relaci\u00f3n de la microbiota con el sistema inmune<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>El sistema inmune y la microbiota est\u00e1n en constante comunicaci\u00f3n. Una microbiota sana adem\u00e1s de reforzar la barrera intestinal, educa al sistema inmunol\u00f3gico para que act\u00fae correctamente.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>In the case of dysbiosis, uncontrolled inflammations can occur, such as those that occur in autoimmune diseases. An imbalanced microbiota produces gas and chemicals that contribute to intestinal discomfort but can also increase the risk of leaky gut, allowing toxins into the bloodstream and triggering systemic inflammation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Alimentos y probi\u00f3ticos para mejorar la microbiota<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Existen formas naturales (y efectivas) para restaurar el equilibrio de las bacterias intestinales:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Con una <strong>dieta rica en fibra:<\/strong> donde predominen las legumbres, frutas, verduras, avena y semillas, que alimentan a las bacterias \u201cbuenas\u201d; y la fibra fermentable, que produce \u00e1cidos grasos que protegen la mucosa intestinal, previenen la ganancia de peso, la diabetes y el riesgo de enfermedades de coraz\u00f3n o c\u00e1ncer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Los alimentos fermentados:<\/strong> k\u00e9fir, yogur, miso, kimchi\u2026 ya que aportan probi\u00f3ticos naturales.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prebi\u00f3ticos:<\/strong> el alimento de los probi\u00f3ticos y est\u00e1n en el ajo, la cebolla, el pl\u00e1tano, el puerro, los esp\u00e1rragos, las alcachofas, la soja, \u00e9l trigo integral y en general, los cereales integrales.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simbi\u00f3ticos:<\/strong> es la combinaci\u00f3n de probi\u00f3ticos e prebi\u00f3ticos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tomar <strong>dietas ricas en plantas o\/y en polifenoles<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reducir el estr\u00e9s y dormir bien<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Realizar <strong>ejercicio f\u00edsico moderado<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tomar f\u00e1rmacos como antibi\u00f3ticos, inhibidores de la bomba de protones o antinflamatorios <strong>s\u00f3lo cuando sea necesario<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1290\" height=\"726\" src=\"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image4.jpg\" alt=\"Alimentos saludables para la microbiota\" class=\"wp-image-11103\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>Los <strong>probi\u00f3ticos<\/strong> son suplementos con bacterias vivas \u201cbuenas\u201d. No todos funcionan igual, pero la mayor\u00eda han mostrado ser beneficiosos para mejorar los s\u00edntomas del colon irritable, reducir la inflamaci\u00f3n intestinal, fortalecer el sistema inmune (incluso aliviando los s\u00edntomas de la alergia o de la intolerancia a la lactosa) y prevenir diarreas tras el uso de antibi\u00f3ticos. Al tener cada persona una microbiota diferente, su efecto no es el mismo para todo el mundo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p>En definitiva, para mejorar nuestra energ\u00eda, nuestro sistema inmune, nuestra piel\u2026 es importante hacer caso a nuestro intestino.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<p><strong>Bibliograf\u00eda:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"post-content max-w-987 mx-auto px-20 lg:px-0\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clemente, J. C., Ursell, L. K., Parfrey, L. W., &amp; Knight, R. (2012). <em>The impact of the gut microbiota on human health: an integrative view<\/em>. Cell, 148(6), 1258\u20131270. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2012.01.035\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2012.01.035<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thursby, E., &amp; Juge, N. (2017). <em>Introduction to the human gut microbiota<\/em>. Biochemical Journal, 474(11), 1823\u20131836. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/BCJ20160510\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/BCJ20160510<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Carding, S., Verbeke, K., Vipond, D. T., Corfe, B. M., &amp; Owen, L. J. (2015). <em>Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease<\/em>. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, 26(1), 26191. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/mehd.v26.26191\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/mehd.v26.26191<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cryan, J. F., et al. (2019). <em>The microbiota-gut-brain axis<\/em>. Physiological Reviews, 99(4), 1877\u20132013. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00018.2018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00018.2018<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Valdes, A. M., Walter, J., Segal, E., &amp; Spector, T. D. (2018). <em>Role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and health<\/em>. BMJ, 361, k2179. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k2179\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k2179<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Arboleya S, et al. Gut Bifidobacteria Populations in Human Health and Aging. Front Microbiol. 2016 Aug 19;7:1204.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O&#8217;Mahony SM, et al. Serotonin, tryptophan metabolism and the brain-gut-microbiome axis. Behav Brain Res. 2015 Jan 15;277:32-48.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cardona F, et al. Benefits of polyphenols on gut microbiota and implications in human health. J Nutr Biochem. 2013 Aug;24(8):1415-22.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La microbiota intestinal es un \u00f3rgano que, hasta el momento, ha sido ignorado pero es vital en nuestra salud f\u00edsica y mental. Este conjunto de microorganismos, principalmente bacterias, virus y hongos, viven en nuestro aparato digestivo y sus funciones son clave en nuestro cuerpo. Es un \u00f3rgano que no vemos ni sentimos directamente, pero su [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11114,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novedades-es"],"acf":{"h_removemb":false,"imgs":{"img_desktop":11114,"img_mobile":11094},"text_above_title":"","description":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Microbiota Intestinal y Disbiosis - Adacyte<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adacyte.com\/es\/gut-microbiota-and-dysbiosis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Microbiota Intestinal y Disbiosis - Adacyte\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La microbiota intestinal es un \u00f3rgano que, hasta el momento, ha sido ignorado pero es vital en nuestra salud f\u00edsica y mental. Este conjunto de microorganismos, principalmente bacterias, virus y hongos, viven en nuestro aparato digestivo y sus funciones son clave en nuestro cuerpo. 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Este conjunto de microorganismos, principalmente bacterias, virus y hongos, viven en nuestro aparato digestivo y sus funciones son clave en nuestro cuerpo. 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